Coach, there's no reason to be jealous. I didn't come to know by being intelligent but by being submissive. It wasn't easy. First, I submitted to the fact that God's standards of justice and fairness are not necessarily mine and accepted that mine are inferior. I think that is where people struggle the most. It's very hard especially for an adult accept something like that.
Think about the Lord's Prayer that you say. Does it ask that nothing bad happens (as we see it)? No, it asks that God's will be done. Resignation to that will is inherent to the prayer.
Second, I looked at things that happen to us in God's context rather than my own. To us, this life is everything, because we're here in the moment. God's context is eternal, so to him, this life is a vapor - here one minute, gone the next and inconsequential compared to eternity. It matters to him, because it's our chance to accept Christ and serve his will, but whether we live 30 years or 90 years is pretty insignificant to him. My brother suffered terribly, but he's now spending eternity praising God with his grandparents and other loved ones who went before. As horrific as his earthly suffering was, it pales massively compared to his current and eternal joy.
Finally, I looked at God's example and realized that he practices what he preaches and doesn't resent our struggle with accepting his will even if he expects us to ultimately do so. You cite the "help my unbelief" passage, and it's noteworthy. However, I think it's also important to remember Jesus's example of one suffering horrifically unjustly. That was the ultimate act of something bad happening to a good person in furtherance of God's will, and like us, he struggled to accept it in the Garden of Gethsemane. But he ultimately did, and if he can, so should we.