Dionysus - I'll try to answer from my - only my - perspective. I am a Christian, but I get really irritated when people say that God answers prayers, or at least in the way most people believe. My sister died of cancer 2 months after graduating from UT (and was in chemo her last year.) There were thousands of prayers that she get well. However, I have come to believe that God only gives you the strength to get through whatever is thrown in your path. I could pray that my sister be cured, and I would mean that she would survive here on earth, but if you believe in an afterlife then she was cured, in heaven.
So I guess to answer your questions, I don't believe in praying for a specifc outcome. As Anne Lamont, a writer, said, most prayers are "please, please, please" and "help me, help me, help me." I believe God answers the "hekp me" prayers but not always like we would want them answered.
It's late and I am tired, but I hope this makes sense. There are lots of Christians that believe in specific prayers - for healing, for outcomes, etc. - just not me.