Parents: Make Sure Your Girls Play Like Boys

Perham1

2,500+ Posts
Well, that's one way to put it.

I've read a little before on girls being more prone to ACL injuries because of the "Q" something or other, the angle of the joints and whatnot. Here, it's explained, among other things, that girls are more flexible and don't get the benefit from testosterone (building muscle).

From an upcoming article in the NYT Sunday Magazine.

The Link

An excerpt:

Girls and boys diverge in their physical abilities as they enter puberty and move through adolescence. Higher levels of testosterone allow boys to add muscle and, even without much effort on their part, get stronger. In turn, they become less flexible. Girls, as their estrogen levels increase, tend to add fat rather than muscle. They must train rigorously to get significantly stronger. The influence of estrogen makes girls’ ligaments lax, and they outperform boys in tests of overall body flexibility — a performance advantage in many sports, but also an injury risk when not accompanied by sufficient muscle to keep joints in stable, safe positions. Girls tend to run differently than boys — in a less-flexed, more-upright posture — which may put them at greater risk when changing directions and landing from jumps. Because of their wider hips, they are more likely to be knock-kneed — yet another suspected risk factor.

This divergence between the sexes occurs just at the moment when we increasingly ask more of young athletes, especially if they show talent: play longer, play harder, play faster, play for higher stakes. And we ask this of boys and girls equally — unmindful of physical differences. The pressure to concentrate on a “best” sport before even entering middle school — and to play it year-round — is bad for all kids. They wear down the same muscle groups day after day. They have no time to rejuvenate, let alone get stronger. By playing constantly, they multiply their risks and simply give themselves too many opportunities to get hurt.
 
Actually, there is literature that shows girls tear their ACLs 9x as often as boys. Whether girls' ligaments tear far more is not in dispute in sports medicine. Why they tear more is thought to be a combination of lower cross-sectional area of the ligaments and biomechanics. Other theories such as hormonal fluctuations' influence on ligament function have not been as well established.

Girls in several sports have a lot of problems with shoulder instability.

Animal studies have linked hormonal differences to ACL tears as well. This doesn't mean girls can't or shouldn't play sports, but I will certainly try to steer my daughters more toward golf and less toward basketball.
 
I understand how repetition of the same muscles can lead to injury; however, I'm unclear of exactly what other sport a girl is supposed to play so that she doesn't get injured.

If she plays soccer, switching to volleyball or basketball for part of the year wouldn't lessen the risk of a knee injury would it? You'd still be stressing the same joints.
 
The worst sports for ACL injuries are ones with cutting, pivoting, and jumping. The worst ones for shoulder instability are overhead ones (swimming etc) and boxing. Gymnasts and divers tend to have high rates of spondylolysis (a usually minor kind of broken back). Like I noted before, golf (especially if played with technique) is a better place for teenage girls if you are trying to minimize risk.

Of course, men get hurt at very high rates playing football. Those who played at the college or higher level (and HS is not completely benign) tend to have terrible problems with arthritis compared to the general pop.

Sports are fun, but we take the bad with the good when we play them at a high level.
 
Most girls who tear their ACLs sustain non-contact injuries, even in basketball and soccer. Those sports are higher risk because of the jumping and cutting.
 
Here is the deal a LOT of these injuries are soccer related and occer in girls 12-15. There are several factors mainly in that as girls mature their hips widen and thus the alignemnt of their legs, in particular the angle to the knee changes. In sports like soccer the vast majority of the movement is lateral, pushing off from one side then the other. So the muscles on the outside of the leg are more developed than the interior leg muscles. This can also cause problems with the patella tendon holding the knee cap in place. It is also true that MANY of these injuries are non-contact injuries.

The solution is not to "run like a boy" (though being on your toes is key in soccer to peak performance) but to strengthen the underdeveloped muscles. SINGLE LEG- leg extensions NOT DOUBLE!!! The individual leg extensions strengthed each leg independently and the joint independently. Lunges without any weight are also good stabilizing exercises.

I beleive in kids being well rounded, and involved in a variety of activities. Simply running also helps to some degree in that you are not moving laterally as much. basketball also has a lot of lateral movement as does volleyball though not as much. Those are the primary girls sports and with lateral movement in all.

It's something that you need to be aware of if you coach girls-here are a couple links- The Link
Here are two more articles that go into some more detail/data-
The Link ACL Tears: A Preventable Epidemic?
Definitely an area of conditioning that girls need to undertake as it's so very stupid not to at least attempt to lessen the cahnces of an ACL injury. I have a girl on our team rehabbing right now....No contact partial ACL tear
 
My daughter - and her team - do a lot of SAQ training. Supposedly, it will strengthen the muscles mentioned above and help ward off injuries.

Though, if weak ligaments are genetic, she may be screwed anyway. I've blown out both of my knees. Neither was the result of contact.
 

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